Outdoor Lighting
Check the operation of all outdoor lighting devices (dipped and main beam headlights, side lights, direction indicators, brake lights, fog lights, etc.). The lamps should burn brightly - the dim light of the lamps indicates corrosion of the reflector or unreliability of electrical connections. Replace broken or opaque lenses and corroded reflectors.
The direction indicators should flash in the correct mode - one to two times per second. In addition, the side repeaters and the indicator lamp on the instrument panel must work.
The headlights must be properly adjusted so that the dipped beam should not blind oncoming drivers.
Sound signal
The signal sounds must be clean strong. If the sound is weak or non-existent, check the electrical connections of the horn and steering column.
Windscreen wipers
Windshield wiper blades should clean the glass effectively without leaving stains or streaks. The presence of stains indicates wear on the rubber brushes. The test should be carried out with wet glass.
Washers of windshield and rear windows and headlights
The jet of washing liquid from each washer nozzle should be directed just below the upper edge of the glass or headlight. Add fluid to the washer reservoir. In the cold season, use a special low-freezing liquid for glass washer.
Steering
Grab the steering wheel with your hands "at a quarter to 3", and try to rock the wheel from side to side. Then place your hands on the steering wheel "for 6 hours" (pic. TO:2) and rock the wheel up and down. There should be no perceptible play of the shaft and steering wheel relative to the column, however, slight elastic movement of the steering column as a whole is allowed.
Vigorously turn the steering wheel at a slight angle from side to side several times, paying attention to the amount of free play between the moments when the front wheels of the car begin to turn. The maximum allowable total steering play must not exceed 12 mm on the steering wheel rim (Russian rules, however, allow for more play - 10°).
Seat belts
According to the rules adopted in Russia, seat belts must be functional and must not have visible tears on the strap.
Wheels and tires
According to Russian regulations, tires must have a residual tread height of at least 1.6 mm; they should not have damage exposing the cord, as well as delamination of the carcass, delamination of the tread and sidewall. In addition, the tires must match the vehicle model in terms of size and load capacity. Disks and wheel rims should not have cracks, and bolts (nuts) wheel fasteners must be securely tightened.
In addition, check the tire pressure and adjust it to the correct level - this may affect the result of the brake system test.
Shock absorbers
Test the dampers by pressing down hard one by one and then releasing each corner of the car. With a working shock absorber, the car body will return to its normal position and stop in it. If the body continues to rock up and down for some time, then the corresponding shock absorber is defective.
Brakes
Parking (manual) the brake must securely block the rear wheels when the lever is fully tightened. According to Russian rules, the parking brake must hold the car with a full load on a slope of up to 16%, and in running order - up to 23% inclusive.
Check that the hand brake lever is securely held in the tightened position by the locking mechanism and that the rear wheels are completely disengaged when the lever is released. Make sure the lever travel is not excessive.
Check all pipes, brake master cylinder and wheel brakes for traces of brake fluid - no leaks allowed.
Check the operation of the servo booster, for which, with the engine off, press the brake pedal, and then start the engine while keeping the pedal depressed. When starting the engine, the pedal should move slightly down. While pressing the pedal, check your sensations. If the pedal "soft", that is, the resistance gradually increases as the pedal moves down, this indicates the presence of air in the system, or an internal rupture of the brake hose (in this case, when the pedal is depressed, a characteristic swelling is noticeable on the hose). If the pedal "fails" (moves slowly or quickly to the floor at constant pressure), then there is a fluid leak in the system or the brake master cylinder is faulty. If the pedal "pumped up", that is, it meets normal resistance only when it is pressed for the second or third time, this indicates excessive pad wear or improper adjustment of the wheel brakes.
Check the effectiveness of the brakes while driving. When braking, the car should not pull to the side, and all wheels should brake at the same time. The rules adopted in Russia define the stopping distance for single passenger cars in running order not more than 12.2 m when braking from a speed of 40 km/h on a road with a dry, clean and even asphalt concrete surface.
Upper strut mounts
Check the strut mounts for cracks, cracking, or excessive softening of the rubber. Check the tightness of the bolts and examine the mounting location of the support and adjacent body parts for corrosion.
Exhaust system
Start the engine and ask an assistant to cover the exhaust pipe with a gloved hand (fig.TO:3), listen along the whole car (including under the hood) the presence of rattling or vibrating noises emitted by exhaust gases escaping through leaks.
Engine
According to the rules adopted in Russia, the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases and their opacity should not exceed the values established by the relevant GOSTs. The fuel system of the engine must be tight, and the exhaust system must be in good condition.
Body equipment
According to the rules adopted in Russia, the equipment of the car provided for by the design must be in good condition, including: rear-view mirrors, windows, door locks, fuel tank cap, driver's seat adjustment mechanism, speedometer, tachograph, anti-theft devices, heating and airflow devices windows, seat belts. In addition, a car must have a first aid kit, a fire extinguisher and a warning triangle.
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