The supply voltage to most consumers is supplied through the ignition switch. The power circuits of those electrical equipment components, the operation of which may be required under any circumstances, are always connected to the battery, regardless of the position of the key in the ignition switch.
To connect the wires, electrical connectors with flat contacts are used.
For normal power supply to consumers, the electrical circuit must be closed, since otherwise there will be no electric current in it, for example, if a positive voltage is applied to the wiper motor, it will not work until its electrical circuit is connected to ground. Switches, relays, fuses, measuring devices, electric motors and other consumers of electricity can be connected to the electrical circuit. For the correct connection of electricity consumers, the contacts of the electrical connectors are marked accordingly. To simplify the use of the electrical circuit, the individual electrical circuits are arranged vertically and numbered. The bottom line on the diagram is the mass of the car. The connection to the vehicle ground is carried out either directly through the housing of the consumer of electricity or by an additional wire. Under the bottom line of the mass on the electrical circuits there are coordinates by which, using the key, you can determine the electrical circuit or element.
The numbers on the wiring diagram in black rectangles at the end of the wire indicate the coordinate at which it continues. There is also a back reference in this coordinate.
When working with an electrical circuit, it is necessary to know the letter and graphic designation of electrical elements.
Deciphering the letter designation of elements
| A | battery |
| IN | starter |
| WITH | generator |
| D | ignition switch |
| E | switch |
| F | mechanical switch |
| G | sensor, measuring device |
| H | sound signal |
| J | relay |
| K, L, M, W, X | lamps, control lamps |
| N | solenoid valves, resistors, switches |
| ABOUT | distributor |
| P, Q | spark plug |
| R | radio |
| S | circuit breakers |
| T | electrical connectors |
| V | electric motors |
Next to the letter designation there is a digital designation.
To identify relays and control units, they are surrounded by a frame. The lines inside the box represent the inner connection in the box.
The white number in the black square indicates the relay number on the relay box. The numbers next to the relay indicate the numbers of the relay contacts, for example, the designation 17/87 indicates that the number 17 is the designation of the contact on the board, and the number 87 is the designation of the relay contact.
Pin 30. Positive battery voltage is always present on this pin. Wires connected to this pin are red or red with a stripe.
Contact 31. The contact is connected to the vehicle ground with a brown wire.
Terminal 15. This terminal receives positive voltage after the ignition is turned on. Wires connected to this pin are green or green with a stripe.
Terminal X. The terminal is energized after the ignition is turned on, but when the starter is turned on, the voltage is turned off. This makes it possible, when starting the engine, to turn off consumers of electricity that are unnecessary at that moment. The high beam headlights are also powered by this contact, so when the high beam is on and the ignition is turned off, it automatically switches to the parking lights.
Wires are identified by numbers and letters below them.
The numbers indicate the cross section of the conductor in mm2, and in letters - its color. If there are several groups of letters in the wire color designation, then the first group of letters indicates the main color of the wire, and the second - the color of the strip.
On wiring harnesses connected by a single or multi-pin connector to the letter "T" a combination of numbers is added.
For example:
- T2p = two-pin connector;
- E32/27 = 32 pin connector with connection point 27.
In the diagram, all current consumers and switches are shown in the neutral position. The changed current characteristic after exposure to the switch is interpreted using the example of a two-stage switch.
Switch Wiring Diagram
When the switch is turned to the first position, current flows from terminal 82 to terminal 83. The second section of the switch is also set to the middle position, but the contacts do not close. Only when the switch is turned to the second position, current begins to flow from pin 82 to pin 84 and flows further into the circuit. In this case, due to the internal connection, the current also continues to flow from terminal 82 to terminal 83.
Warning: The fuse number 24 on the fuse box is number 224 on the vehicle wiring diagrams, i.e. the number 2 is added to the front fuse number on the wiring diagrams.
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