Diesel engines — general information

The cylinder block is made of gray cast iron, in the material of which the engine cylinders are directly made. The cylinder head is made of light alloy and is bolted to the cylinder block. Steel guides and valve seats are pressed into the cylinder head. An oil pan is attached to the bottom of the engine block, into which oil flows, which is necessary for lubricating and cooling the engine.

On diesel engines, the intake and exhaust manifolds are located on the same side of the cylinder head to save space.

The camshaft is mounted in the cylinder head and is driven by a toothed belt from the crankshaft pulley. The vertically mounted intake and exhaust valves are controlled by camshaft cams via hydraulic tappets. To supply fuel to the cylinders of a diesel engine, a high-pressure fuel pump is used, mounted on the cylinder block and driven by a toothed belt.

Valve clearances are adjusted automatically using hydraulic tappets, manual adjustment is not required.

An oil pump is used to supply oil to the rubbing surfaces of the engine. Under pressure, oil is supplied to the channels to the bearings of the crankshaft and camshaft.

The water pump is attached to the side of the engine block. Keep in mind that the engine cooling system should be filled year round with a mixture of antifreeze and water with a low lime content.

Fuel is supplied to the engine under pressure by a high pressure fuel pump (injection pump), which is flange-mounted on the side of the cylinder block and driven by a toothed belt. On more powerful engines, a turbocharger is installed that uses the energy of the exhaust gases.

Warning: The radiator fan may come on after the engine is turned off and the ignition is turned off, so be careful when working on a hot engine. To prevent the radiator fan from turning on, disconnect the electrical connector from the radiator fan motor.