General information on wheels and tires Tires are high-tech products that have been designed for the operating conditions of modern cars. As with any other high-tech product, it also requires careful handling, care and...
Specification for wheel and tire conversions The rim/tire combinations and conversions listed in the individual vehicle tables apply exclusively to original Volkswagen rims. The approval of wheels or their conversion to...
Tire speed indices Speed index (e.g. «T») after tire size marking (e.g. 185/65 R14 86T) indicates the allowed maximum speed (V max ) for this tire. Tires for the corresponding vehicle must be...
Disc markings Discs are marked with many parameters. The parameters required to uniquely identify a drive are shown in the following table 4.1. Table 4.1. Disk Parameter Identification Part...
Compound disks Composite discs are made up of several parts. The most important are the rim and disc of the wheel. These parts are attached to each other with special bolts using a special...
Tire wear and mileage General information Tires are subject to all sorts of requirements. Each of these requirements is embedded in the tire to a certain extent. Depending on the use and type of...
High speed tire wear These tires are designed for the highest speeds. Therefore, when developing these tires, good grip on wet road surfaces comes to the fore. The tread rubber compounds of such tires...
Tire service Tire pressure The mass of the car flattens the tire at the area of its contact with the road. Tire rolling leads to forced deformation of the tread and the entire breaker. With...
Evenly worn tires Tire requirements are getting tougher all the time. The reasons are the following factors: growing mass of the car; high speeds; high traffic safety. High load on the tire for...
Tread Height Measurement NOTE: Measurements to determine the tread height should be made in the main grooves of the tread. Do not measure on TWI (Tread Wear Indlkator means tread wear indicator). The...
Unilateral wear One-sided wear is caused in many cases by driving style, but sometimes by incorrect wheel alignment. Increased lateral wear Lateral wear, most often in combination with rib wear...
Diagonal uneven wear Diagonal uneven tire wear Diagonal patches of uneven wear run at an angle of approximately 45°relative to the direction of the circumference of the tire (pic. 4.10). Most often,...
Tire rolling noise General information about rolling noise Rolling noise, perceived by the human ear, is vibrations emanating from a sound source and reaching the ear through the air. Interesting...
Wheel balancing Before proceeding with balancing, the following conditions must be met. The tire pressure must be correct. The tread pattern must not have one-sided wear, and its depth must be at...
Radial and lateral runout of wheels and tires Radial and lateral runout is due to inaccurate rotation of the disc and tire. 100% rotational accuracy is not possible due to technical considerations. Therefore, the manufacturer...
Minimizing wheel runout General provisions If the radial or lateral runout of the disc and tire overlaps, the wheel runout increases. 100% rotational accuracy is not possible due to technical...
Side slip of the car Taper Tapering is caused by a slight displacement of the tread and/or breaker with respect to the geometric center of the tire by a few tenths of a millimeter. The taper is not...
Side slip elimination Check conditions before and during the test drive Check all front and rear suspension components for damage. Check and, if necessary, correct the air pressure in the tires. Check...
Tire damage General instructions Tire damage can have serious consequences, so the driver and car maintenance technician should regularly check their condition for early detection of possible...
Loss of tire pressure NOTE: It is not recommended to repair steel cord radial tires with foreign body damage to the carcass. Corrosion can occur on steel wire. This causes the rubber to peel off the...
Tire damage due to tire fitting errors (installation damage) Bead core ruptured while inflating tire Modern radial tires for passenger cars are mounted exclusively on safe rims. Their rims have elevation 1 on the shoulders around the entire...
Tire sidewall marking Pic. 4.29. Tire sidewall marking: 1 - dimension marking; 2 - manufacturer (tradename); 3 - designation of the tread pattern; 4 - designation of a tubeless tire; 5 - radial design;...
Wheel swap In front-wheel drive vehicles, as a result of a greater load on the front tires, tread wear occurs earlier than on rear axle tires. To equalize the life of all 4 tires of the car,...
Used tires on Touareg from model year 2003 Volkswagen vehicles are built to the latest safety standards. To ensure its reliability, it is recommended to use only genuine Volkswagen parts. They are distinguished by the VW...
Tire pressure monitoring system repair Tire Pressure Monitoring System Components Pic. 4.31. Tire pressure monitoring system components: 1 - front right tire pressure sensor; 2 - antenna for the front right control...
Repair of the clearance control system Perform the following test under the specified conditions. The vehicle must be cold and must not be moved during the test. The air temperature in the room should be 10-30°C, while...
Air duct repair Defective air ducts must be replaced as a whole. Replacing part of the air line is possible with a plug connector. NOTE: The repair site must be in an area that is protected from...